Meistararitgerðarvarnir í Háskólasetrinu
Klukkan 9:00 mun Tzvi Arieli verja ritgerð sína, Modern Maritime Piracy after the End of the Cold War - a Challenge for Marine and Coastal Management. Leiðbeinandi Tzvi er Dong Yang, frá Háskólanum í Singapore og prófdómari er Hulda Proppé, sérfræðingur á rannsókna- og nýsköpunarsviði hjá Rannís.
Klukkan 16:00 mun svo Ryan O´Connell verja ritgerð sína, Reasons for fishing: Reconciling participants' values in the Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) intersectoral allocation dispute. Leiðbeinandi Ryans er Jamie Alley, frá Victoria Háskóla og prófdómari er Vincent Gallucci, prófessor við Washington háskóla.
Frekari upplýsingar um ritgerðirnar er að finna hér fyrir neðan á ensku, en varnirnar fara fram á ensku.
Abstracts
Reasons for fishing: Reconciling participants' values in the Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) intersectoral allocation dispute.
Though stock assessment-related work makes up the largest portion of fisheries literature, the topics tends to assume that fishing occurs and do not address the questions of why people fish and how to make the best use of limited fishery resources. Where multiple groups of fishermen with apparently different motivations pursue the same limited stocks of fish, conflict and instability are often present. Likewise, commercial and recreational anglers on the west coast of Canada have been involved in a decade-long dispute over the allocation of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). This thesis documents the history of the dispute and records the fundamental objectives of the participants in the fishery to infer their values and examine the implications for resolving the dispute. The most important values reflected the evolution of two separate developments of how fishing rights are determined and distributed, those based on ancient public claims of the right to fish and those aimed at maximizing utility with finite stocks. Despite this conflict, responses indicate that participants from both sectors, as well as those from associated sectors, share similar values for the fishery that can be used to identify useful alternatives to reduce intersectoral conflict. Namely, the biological sustainability of the fishery is shown to be paramount among participants, while the overall economic benefits and fairness to resource users are also highly ranked. It is found that the separate fishing sectors have been assigned unequal and irreconcilable fishing rights that impede the fishery's participants from working together to achieve their shared objectives.
Modern Maritime Piracy after the End of the Cold War - a Challenge for Marine and Coastal Management.
This research aims to examine whether the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War has served as the primary reasons for the rebirth of maritime piracy. This question has largely been left unattended to in contemporary academic literature. The research examines the hypothesis that after the end of the Cold War, commercial sea routes have become as dangerous as they were in the Middle Ages, due to the changes in the international sociopolitical situation - globalization and increase of the shipping traffic, the end of the sponsorship of the client states which weakened hegemony of the state in many Third World countries, proliferation of the small arms and partly due to the lapses in surveillance and control of the oceans that the West and the East have imposed during the Cold War, as well as due to the
geographical, social, cultural and economic factors which are not directly connected to the changed post Cold War environment. The research is conducted through the examination of two case studies. The first is the analysis of current situation in Somalia/Gulf of Aden. It attempts to seek out the roots and causative factors of piracy in the region and proposes management decisions on how to uproot it. The second case study analyzes the successful war on piracy in the Malacca Strait/Indonesia, which has brought to the triumph of the rule of law. It derives lessons from this successful initiative. The work also takes into account lessons of the past and analyzes piracy from the cultural angle. There are two main conclusions made at the end of this research. The first is that the end of the Cold War is accountable for the appearance of many causative factors for contemporary maritime piracy and armed robbery. The second is that in order to succeed, the war on piracy in Somalia must be different than in Southeast Asia, and will require ground operations in order to restore law and order at sea.
